Pump construction



y 5, 1936- F. 1.. DIETERICH 2,039,583

PUMP CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 30, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIE-l...

INVENTOR.

Franc/'5 Z D/k/er/M ATTORNEY y 1935- F. L. DIETERICH 2,039,583

PUMP CONSTRUCTION I Filed Aug. 30, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet "ff 3/ I Z7 27 FIE5 E 2e /9 /4 /a F I E 4 INVENTOR.

franc/s 1. 0/29 zer/c/v )9 4/ 4 4/ 42 Z 43 BY ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE across; rum con'sraocrrox mm 1. piete'rlch, m m... can. Application August so, 1935, Serial No. 38,56!

6 Claims. (01. 103-202) This invention relates generally to pumps of the reciprocating type, and is primarily concerned with means for increasing the useful life of cylinder liners and pistons. It is or particular value in connection with pumps where abrasion and wear upon these parts tends to' be severe, as for example in so-called slush pumps, which are common y utilized. in handling rotary drilling mud for earth drilling operations.

It is an object of the invention to provide a novel means in a pump of the above character, for effecting automatic rotation of the pumping piston with respect to its associated liner, as the pump is in operation. It has been recognized in the past that opcasional manual turning of the piston tends to prevent channeling and excessive wear between the piston and the liner, although simple and effective means for effecting such tuming movement automatically has not been available. The invention as disclosed herein makes use of a novel form of rotator or uni-directional clutching mechanism, which rotates the piston 01 the pump-a small angular increment during each complete cycle, and which is capable of long useful life without mechanical failure.

Another object the invention is to provide a mechanism oi. the above character, which can be readilyapplied as an attachment to conventional";

slush pumps, to effect the results desired.

Additional objects of the invention will appear from the following description in which the preferred embodiment of the invention has been set forth in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view, partly in crosssection, illustrating a pump of the direct actingsteam type which is equipped with the present I invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevational detail, in cross section, illustrating the uni-directional rotating mechanism which is incorporated with the pump of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan detail, illustrating the guide track employed in effecting actuation of the ro- Y tating mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional detail taken along the line 44 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 1 illustrates a representative type 01' slush pump, having a reciprocating steam driving unit Ill, directly connected to a pumping unit ll. While it is needless to describe conventional details of this equipment, it may be briefly pointed out that the driving unit includes a pitson l2 operating within the steam cylinder I3, and connected to the reclprocating piston rod ll. 1 Thelapping action.

pumping unit includes the piston I 8, operating within cylinder l1, and connected to the reciprocating piston rod IS. The adjacent ends of piston rods I4 and I! are customarily connected together by a cross head l9, thereby establishing a rigid connection between the pistons l2 and i6. Likewise crosshead llis customarily engaged by the lower end of a valve operating arm 2!, which operates the steam admissionand exhaust valve 22, through the valve operating gear 23. 7

Assuming that the invention to be presently described is not utilized, the pumping piston 16 and its associated cylinder lining 24, are subject to rapid deterioration. Repeated reciprocating movements of the pumping piston causes a progressive development of score lines upon the inner walls oi. the liner, to the point where a certain amount of the fluid being pumped by-p'asses or ing of piston Ii may prolong the life of the piston liner, although such manual attention cannot occur at sufliciently frequent intervals or be carried out in such a manner as to produce results comparable to the present invention. In the present invention rotating mechanism provided whichrotates the pumping piston by a small increment as the piston moves in one direction, while during the return stroke the piston is permitted to move straight or without turning movement. Thus there is a cross wearing action between the piston and the liner, which prevents the formation of straight score lines or grooves, and which causes a polishing or lapping rather than a grooving of theliner and piston. Instead directional mechanism which permits small and properly controlled turning increments, and which will make possible the desired polishing or In incorporating my invention as an attach ment to a pump of the type described above, a special cross head l9'is substituted for the common type of cross head with which such pumps are commonly equipped. Thus referring to Figs. 2 to 4 inclusive, the cross head which I substitute consists of a body 23, having annular end flanges 21, and which is rigidly secured to the adjacent ends of piston rods l4 and I3, by suitable means such as the thread connections 23. Each of the end flanges 27 are provided with annular recesses, upon which rings 3| are journaled. These rings in turn are secured to end plates 32, which constitute two branches of a yoke 33.

For the purpose of oscillating yoke 33, a guide track 36 is provided, which can be readily attached to the pump bed 31. One suitable form of attachment is illustrated in Fig. 4, in which a guide track 36 carries lateral extensions 33, which engage the parallel bed portions 33. Clamps 4| engage the under sides oi! bed portions 39, to retain the guide track rigidly in place. By reference to Fig. 3, it will be noted that the guide track 36 extends at an angle to the axis of the aligned piston' rods l4 and II. The operating engagementbetween yoke 33 and guide track 33, may consist of a roller 42, Journaled by ball bearings upon the yoke extension pin 43.

The uni-direction mechanism, which is built into the cross head, is illustrated in Fig. 4. Thus within one of the rings 3|, the body 26 is provided with segmental and tapered recesses H, which accommodate the segmental wedges 31. Each of these wedges is urged in one direction,

I by a compression spring 43. It will be evident by reference to Fig. 4 that yoke 33, in conjunction with ring 3i, may swing in a clockwise direction.

" However, a swinging movement in a counterclockwise direction causes a jammng action of wedges 41, with the result that the body 23 of the cross head is likewise caused to rotate, to rotate both or the piston rods II and I3.

Operation of the invention described above can now be outlined as follows-When the pump piston i3 mbves to the left, as viewed in Fig. 1, the yoke 33 (as viewed in Fig. 4) is swung in a clockwise direction, and therefore the piston rods and the associated pistons are not rotated. However, on the retm-n stroke, swinging of the yoke 33 causes a small angular turning movementof the piston rods and associated pistons, this turning movement being distributed over the entire return stroke. Thus the pumping piston I i is recurrently turned by small increments during operation of the pump, to secure a lapping action with respect to the liner 34, and to evenly disa tribute wear.

It is characteristic of the uni-direction mechanism illustrated in Fig. 4 that it will aflord long reliable service, commensurate with the life of a pump of this character. Large areas of contact are provided between the segmental wedges ll 'andthe adjacent services of the ring 3| of the cm head body, and there is no tendency towards sticking and jamming. Likewiseby means of mechanism oi. this character the increments oi. turningmovementissoadjustedthatthereisvirtually no recurrence of periodicity of scoring action on the same points of the pistonjand liner.

Inotherwordstheremaybe'atrueoverlami/ng action, such as will best promote the life of the piston and liner.

I claim:

1. In a pump, a pumping cylinder, a pisto having reciprocating movement within the cylinder, a piston rod connected to the piston, and means including a guide track extending generally in the direction of the axis of the piston rod, for turning the piston by small increments during each stroke 01 the piston in one direction.

2. In a pump, a pumping cylinder, a piston having reciprocating movement within the cylinder, a piston rod connected to the piston, an arm carried by the piston rod for swinging movement relative to the rod, a relatively stationary guide track engaged by said arm and serving to swing the arm as the piston rod is reciprocated, and uni-directional turning mechanism operating between said arm and the piston rod.

3. In a pump, a pumping cylinder, a piston having reciprocating movement within said cylinder,

'a piston rod connected to the piston, an arm adapted to have swinging movement in a plane substantially normal to the axis of the piston rod, and uni-directional turning mechanism operating between the arm and the piston rod.

4. In a pump, a pumping cylinder, 8. piston having reciprocatingmovement within said cylinder,

a piston rod connected to the piston, a cross head -to which the piston rod is connected, an arm serving to connect the adjacent ends of said rods,

an arm carried by said structure and extending laterally from the same, said arm being free to swing in a plane substantially at right angles to the axis of said rods, means for efiecting swinging movement of said arm responsive to reciprocation of said structine. and a uni-directional clutching mechanism acting between said arm and said structure and serving to turn the piston rods in one direction.

6; In a pump, a reciprocating pumping piston,

a reciprocating steam piston, a pair of aligned piston rods connected to said pistons, a cross head serving to connect the adjacent ends 01' said rods, said cross head serving to transmit motion to steam valves, an arm carried by said cross head for swinging movement in a plane generally at IRANCISLDIETIRICK 

